sdi

It's a slippery one! If I remember right from my undergraduate honors thesis (which started out with much more ambitious ideas about how to look at the Dionysos myth and its "foreignness," but ended up rather boringly being confined to the role Thebes played as a "half-Greek/half-foreign" city in Athenian drama), the most significant ancient sources would be the Homeric Hymns to Dionysos and Euripides's Bacchae. I can't remember how much about Dionysos is in the Theogony, there's almost certainly bits and pieces throughout Iliad and Odyssey, I bet he shows up in Metamorphoses, but can't remember, and I'm sure he's mentioned in a bunch of other places.

All of which is to say, sdi's use of Taylor's synthesis sounds like it makes good sense to me. If I were going to try to track down the sources, the places I would start would be the chapter on Dionysos from Walter Burkert's Greek Religion, anything on Him in Edith Hamilton's Mythology, and the Oxford Classical Dictionary.

Anyhow, hope something here might be helpful!
Jeff