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Moss's Egg
The highlighted curve is called Moss's Egg, though I'm not certain who Moss is. (The link cites Dixon's Mathographics—I ordered a copy, perhaps it'll tell me.) I was surprised to find a way to construct it using only 8 circles! This is because circles naturally want to generate √3's, so usually it'd take extra effort to generate the √2 proportions the egg demands, but it turned out to only require going a single circle out of my way.
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